Toluene diisocyanate

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Toluene diisocyanate Specification

Appearance
Clear to pale yellow liquid

Solubility
Reacts with water; soluble in organic solvents

Odour
Sharp, pungent

Density
1.22 Gram per cubic centimeter(g/cm3)

Ph Level
Not applicable (non-aqueous)

Molecular Weight
174.15 g/mol

Storage Instructions
Keep in tightly closed containers; store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture and heat

Chemical Name
Toluene Diisocyanate

Other Names
TDI; 2,4-Toluene diisocyanate; Toluol diisocyanate

Classification
Aromatic isocyanate; Organic compound

CAS No
584-84-9

Type
Industrial chemical

Application
Production of polyurethanes, flexible foams, coatings, adhesives, sealants, and elastomers

Application Method
Used as a raw material in reaction with polyols to form polymers

Raw Material
Toluene

Physical State
Liquid

Usage
Industrial use in plastics and rubber industries

Shelf Life
12 Months

Purity(%)
99%

Drying Time
Varies depending on application, generally rapid

Best Before
12 Months from manufacturing date

Refractive Index
1.566 at 20°C

Hazard Statements
Toxic by inhalation, can cause respiratory and skin sensitization, strong irritant

Flash Point
127°C (closed cup)

HS Code
29291010

Vapor Pressure
0.01 mmHg at 20°C

Boiling Point
251°C

Melting Point
~20°C

Packaging Details
Available in drums or ISO tanks

Note
Handle with proper personal protective equipment; use only in well-ventilated areas; avoid contact with water

EC Number
209-544-5

Stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions

UN Number
2078

About Toluene diisocyanate

Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H3(NCO)2. Two of the six possible isomers are commercially important: 2,4-TDI (CAS: 584-84-9) and 2,6-TDI (CAS: 91-08-7). 2,4-TDI is produced in the pure state, but TDI is often marketed as 80/20 and 65/35 mixtures of the 2,4 and 2,6 isomers respectively. It is produced on a large scale, accounting for 34.1% of the global isocyanate market in 2000, second only to MDI.[3] Approximately 1.4 billion kilograms were produced in 2000.[4] All isomers of TDI are colorless, although commercial samples can appear yellow.

The isocyanate functional groups in TDI react with hydroxyl groups to form carbamate (urethane) links. The two isocyanate groups in TDI react at different rates: The 4-position is approximately four times more reactive than the 2-position. 2,6-TDI is a symmetrical molecule and thus has two isocyanate groups of similar reactivity, similar to the 2-position on 2,4-TDI. However, since both isocyanate groups are attached to the same aromatic ring, reaction of one isocyanate group will cause a change in the reactivity of the second isocyanate group.[3]

It is used in the production of flexible polyurethane foams.

Versatile Applications in Industry

Toluene diisocyanate is a key raw material in the plastics, rubber, and chemical industries. Its primary application involves reacting with polyols to create polyurethanes, used extensively in flexible foams, coatings, adhesives, and elastomers. This versatility supports high-performance product development across a range of sectors, optimizing both functionality and durability.

Safe Handling and Storage Guidelines

Due to its hazardous natureposing risks by inhalation and contactTDI must be handled with suitable personal protective equipment. Storage should be in tightly closed containers, in cool, dry, well-ventilated areas, and away from moisture or heat sources. Following recommended safety protocols ensures both user protection and product stability over its 12-month shelf life.

FAQs of Toluene diisocyanate:

Q: How should Toluene diisocyanate be handled to ensure safety?

A: Toluene diisocyanate must be handled with appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and protective clothing. Use in well-ventilated areas to prevent inhalation of vapors, and always avoid contact with water, as it reacts strongly. Adhering to recommended safety guidelines minimizes the risk of respiratory and skin sensitization.

Q: What are the primary industrial uses of Toluene diisocyanate?

A: TDI is predominantly used in the production of polyurethanes, which are essential for manufacturing flexible foams, coatings, adhesives, sealants, and elastomers. These materials are then utilized in furniture, automotive, construction, and insulation industries due to their durability and flexibility.

Q: When is Toluene diisocyanate considered stable for use?

A: TDI remains stable under recommended storage conditionstightly sealed in containers, kept in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location away from heat and moisture. Its chemical stability is maintained throughout its 12-month shelf life when these guidelines are diligently followed.

Q: Where is Toluene diisocyanate typically stored and in what packaging formats?

A: Toluene diisocyanate is usually stored in industrial environments that provide temperature and moisture control. It is available in secure packaging, such as drums or ISO tanks, to maintain product integrity during storage and distribution throughout India.

Q: What is the process for using Toluene diisocyanate in manufacturing?

A: In industrial applications, TDI is reacted with polyols to synthesize polyurethane polymers. The process involves mixing with other formulation components, under controlled conditions, to initiate polymerization. The resulting materials display rapid curing and are tailored to various end uses.

Q: What benefits does Toluene diisocyanate offer to manufacturers?

A: TDI provides manufacturers the advantage of producing high-quality polyurethanes with tailored properties such as flexibility, resilience, and strong adhesive characteristics. Its compatibility with various organic solvents and rapid curing capabilities make it a preferred choice for enhancing productivity and product reliability.

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